大鼠肾组织的超低温快速冷冻固定和冷冻置换研究

Ultra Low Temperature-rapid Freezing and Frozen Substitution of Rat Renal Tissue

超低温快速冷冻固定以极高的冷冻速率（１００００Ｋ／ｓ）对生物组织进行物理固定，可使生物组织结构、组织内可溶性离子及游离性物质得到保存，使被固定后的生物组织保持最接近于原自然状态，这种样品制备方法大大优于化学制备法，因而在Ｘ－射线微分析及免疫细胞化学中得到广泛应用。生物样品超低温快速冷冻后，利用冷冻置换法，在低温下将生物组织内的结晶水缓慢置换出来，而后常规包埋切片，可获得理想的组织结构及组织内待分析成分。本文应用超低温快速冷冻固定技术及冷冻置换法对大鼠肾皮质部的快速冷冻固定及损伤进行探讨。

Ultra low temperature-rapid freezing followed frozen substitution without aldehyde or osmium fixation has been investigated as a method for preparing biological specimens.This method can get best ultrastructure,immobilizing components (ions, macromolecules and diffusible substance) and minimizing antigennic alteration. The reaction of chemically fixed and cryoprotected biological specimens is completely different during the quenching process to objects frozen in their fresh natural state,We discuss the results of ultra-rapid freezing and frozen substitution of rat renal tissue in this paper.