~（60）Coγ射线慢性照射复合苯注射对家兔的生物效应研究

STUDIES ON BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS INDUCED BY CHRONIC γ-IRRADIATION COMBINED WITH BENZENE INJECTION IN RABBITS

为了探讨γ射线复合苯作用的生物效应规律，对家兔进行了多项指标的研究。健康雄性家兔３０只，年龄６—７个月，分为对照组和照射组、低苯组和低复组、高苯组和高复组共６组，每组５只。每天每只家兔分别于皮下注射０．６ｍｌ花生油、０．６ｍｌ花生油＋０．０６ｍｌ苯、０．６ｍｌ花生油＋０．６ｍｌ苯，每周５ｄ，持续１４周。其中，照射组、低复组、高复组注射后进行γ射线照射，剂量率为０．８９９ｍＧｙ／ｍｉｎ，每天１ｈ，每周５ｄ，持续１４周。结果表明：（１）苯对造血功能的影响与注射苯的剂量关系密切，苯和γ射线的复合作用加重了家兔造血功能的损伤。（２）γ射线和苯都能诱发的染色体畸变和ＳＣＥ。血液淋巴细胞的检出率要比骨髓细胞的高；γ射线诱发染色体畸变要比诱发ＳＣＥ明显得多，随γ射线剂量（２．１５７６—３．７７５８Ｇｙ）增加，染色体畸变率有所增高，但线性相关不明显；苯诱发ＳＣＥ似乎要比诱发染色体畸变明显，且血液淋巴细胞无着丝粒畸变率和ＳＣＥ频率与苯注射累积剂量（２１．１２－３６．９６ｇ）呈线性正相关；苯能提高γ射线诱发的染色体畸变率，对双＋环主要是协同作用，在无着丝粒主要是相加作用；苯和γ射线复合诱发ＳＣＥ，在低复组显示有加强作用；（３）?

This paper reports a series of biological effects induced by chronic γ-irradiation combined with benzene injection in rabbits. 30 healthy male rabbits,6-7 months of age, were equally divided into 6 groups 5 in each one. Animals of control and radiation, low benzene and low benzene radiation, high benzene and high benzene radiation groups were injected subscutaneousl with 0 .6 ml peanut oil, 0 .6 ml ponut oil 0 .06 ml benzene or 0 .6 ml peanut oil + 0 .6 ml benzene/d/rabbit, respectively, 5 days per week for 14 weeks. After injection, animals of radiation, low benzeae radiation, high benzene radiation groups were irradiated at 0.899 mGy/min. x 60/d. The main results were summarized as follows= (1) The changes of hematopoietic function are close related to the injected dosage of benzene. Damages of hematoietic function in rabbits are enhanced by combined effect of benzene and γ-rays. (2) γ-rays and benzene can induce chromosome aberrations and SCEs. Chromosome aberrations in blood lymphocytes are higher than in marrow cells. Chromosome aberrations induced by γ-rays are higher than SCEs, but no significant linear correlation between the dosage and effects was found. The SCEs of blood lymphocytes induced by benzene are more obvious than chromosome aberrations, moreover, linear dose effect correlation of acentrics in high benzene group and SCE in high benzene and low benzene radiation grous were observed. The chromosome aberration yield induced by γ-rays can signifieantly be enhanced by treatment with benzene. The combined cytogenetic effects of radiation with benzene could be synergetic mainly in dicentrics plus rings,being mainly additive in acentrics. SCEs induced by benzene combined with γ-radiation could be enhanced in the low benzene radiation group. (3) Benzene is a weak mutagen for male reproductive cells, because it can induce more abnorml sperms. Histological damages of testes in rabbits were also enhanced by combined effect of V--radiation and benzene.