我国北方旱区发展节水灌溉农业刍议

Developing Water-Saving Irrigation Agriculture in the Arid Area in the North Part of China

我国北方旱区水资源缺乏。全国有４３％的国上面积，年均降水量小于４００ｍｍ，这些地区都分布在我国北方。采取节水灌溉用水措施，大力推行节水灌溉农业，实行灌区节水改造，将是旱区灌溉农业发展的根本出路，其主要措施：（１）拟定节水灌溉农业分区，因地制宜推广灌溉节水措施；（２）对可灌区实施以节水为目标的技术改造；（３）实行节水灌溉设备标准化、系列化、通用化；（４）加强科学管理。

There is a shortage of water resources in the area in the north partof China.There are 43%of land area in the whole country with an annual rainfall ofless than 400 mm. This area spreads mostly in the north part of China.Therefore,suchmeasures as ater-saving irrigation,wide extension of water-saving irrigation agricul-ture,water-saving and transformation of irrigation system will be the foundamentalwayout for developing irrigation agriculture in the arid area,whose major measures are:(1) It is necessary to work out water-saving irrigation agricultural reginonalization andto extend water-saving irrigation practice s suitalbe to local conditions;(2) Technicaltransformation with objective to save water should be carried out in the irrigation sys-tem;(3)It is important to implement standarization , serialization and universalizationof water-saving irrigation equipment;and(4 )It is necessary to strengthen irrigationmanagement scientifically.