关于西北干旱地区实行农牧结合发展畜牧经济的几点想法

Several Considerations for Combination of Agriculture with Animal Husbandry to Develop Livestock Economy in the Arid Area of Northwest China

西北干旱半干旱地区的主要产业部门为干旱农业、林业和畜牧业。就畜牧业来说，虽然有大片的天然草场和大量的农作物秸秆，但由于受恶劣自然条件的影响，农作物和牧草的产量低而不稳；畜牧业的生产水平低，商品经济不发达，部分地区的群众还没有完全解决温饱问题，发展该区的经济关键是：第一要搞外向型，以输出为目标，充分发掘资源优势，瞄准省外和国内外市场；第二要正确选择拳头产业─—畜牧业，作为突破口。（１）立草为业·种草养畜；（２）调整牧业结构，全面发展；（３）采取综合措施；提高自然资源利用率；（４）大力发展畜牧业社会化服务体系；（５）企业化适度规模经营；（６）搞好畜产品加工，提高质量。

Thechief industrial brancheSin the arid and semiarid area of NorthwestChina are rainfed agriculture,forest and animal husbandry. As far as animal husbandryis concerned,although there are a vast stretch of natural grassland and a large quantityof cereal straws, grain and forage yields are still low and unstable becaue of the subjec-tion to unfavourable natural conditions, and so low the level of animal husbandry pro-duction that commodity production is not well developed. Accordingly, the problem ofeating well and dressing warmly of the people in some parts of this area remains un-solved. The key link in developing economy in this region is in the following: the first isto develop the exportedlyoriented economy with exportation as the main objective so asto give full scope to natural resources and to grasp the internal and extenal markets; andthe second is correctly to select the key industry一livestock production as the break-through in developing economy. For this reason, the following actions should be adopt-ed:(1)to establish grasses as the undertaking and to plant grasses for raising animals;(2)to readjust livestock structure to ensure an allround development;(3)to adopt com-prehesive measures to improve using efficiency of natural resources;(4)to develop so-cial service system of Animal production on a large scale;(5)to practise enterprise op-eration with a suitable scale; and(6)to do a good job in processing livestock productswith their qualities improved.