屋檐式下导风工程的设置与模拟计算

SIMULATED CALCULATION AND OPTIMAL CONSTRUCTION OF THE EAVES－SHAPED WIND－GUIDE STRUCTURES

天山独（山子）库（车）公路是横贯天山南北的交通大动脉，由于积雪灾害的影响使其冬春两季无法利用。因此，如何防治雪害就显得非常重要。屋檐式导风工程是防治风吹雪灾害的一种工程措施，经实验是可行的，但在目前实施中还存在一些盲目性。所以。本文在实验工程的基础上进行数学模拟；即在不考虑风吹雪的摩擦阻力的情况下，在给定山坡坡度，公路内边坡坡度和高度、导风板长度、风吹雪初始速度的条件下，建立数学模式。根据模式计算出导风板在什么样的角度下（即导风板最佳角度的选择），流经下导风口的风吹雪速度达最大。这样，可消除盲目性，使该工程更加合理、完善，发挥出最优的防雪效果。

Dushanzi－Kuqa Highway is a main traffic line across Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang.However,it is usually closed in winter and spring due to the snow hazards. Therefore, howto control the snow hazards is obviously very important. It has been proved that the eavesshaped wind－guide structure is one of the effective measures for controlling snow－driftinghazard. So far, some questions about the correctly construction of this structure are still remained. One of which is about the optimal angle of the wind－guide board. This paper presents a mathematical model for it based on the given mountain slope upside the highway,angle and height of the inside slope of the highway, length of the wind－guide board, and initial velocity of the snow－drifting current, but ignoring the frictional force of the current. Anoptimal angle of the wind－guide board, i. e. the maximum wind velocity at the lower mouth ofthe structure, can be obtained by calculation from the mathematical model so as to get a perfect effect for controlling snow－drifting and avoid the blindness in construction.