玉米无卫型气孔突变体细胞系植株的再生和遗传

Regeneration and Inheritance of Stomata Mutant Cell Lines of None Guard Cell Lines Type in Maize

通过玉米花药培养建立了能长期继代再生的单倍体胚性细胞无性系。继代培养２年后，在加入较高浓度的２．４－Ｄ的继代培养基上，再生小植株叶片出现了无卫型气孔结构的变异，建立起Ｓｍｌ玉米无卫型气孔变异体细胞系。移栽成活植株仍存在无卫型等异常气孔，经秋水仙碱加倍，获得极少雄花不育加倍植株，用其他自交系花粉授粉，得到异交结实后代，对其中ＥＡ＿１株系多代套袋自交。无卫型气孔在Ｆ＿１代植株叶片上不出现，而在其他自交后代中出现，但自交后即纯合。遗传分析表明无卫型气孔结构变异是受一对隐性基因控制，从而首次在玉米中获得无卫型气孔突变体纯系。

Haploid embryogenic cell line was set up and could subculture and regenerate for long time through anther culture in maize.After subculture for 2 years,variation of none guard cell in regenerated plantlets seaves was found and SmI none guard cell stomata mutant cell line in subculturemedium with high concentration of2,4-D was set up.Abnormal stomata,for example,none guard celletc,still existed in transplanted survived plantlets,and a few doubled plantlets,on which male ears de generated,were obtained after colchicine doubling.EA1 plant line was inbred in bag for several generations,the none guard cell type was found in each generation except F1 generation.Inheritance analysisshowed that the structure variation of none guard cell line type stomata was comtrolled by a couple of recessive gene.The pure line of none guard cell type stomata mutant was thus obtained firstly in maize.