甘蔗测土配方施肥技术的研究与应用

A Study on Sugarcane Fertilization Based on Soil Testing and its Effect

本文根据多年甘蔗肥料试验的结果进行归纳整理，提出了甘蔗测土配方施肥的有关技术参数，即产１吨甘蔗的需肥量，土壤的供肥能力和尿素、钙镁磷肥和氯化钾的当年利用率，并提出了甘蔗计划产量需肥量的计算公式。几年的推广应用结果表明，使用该项技术可以减少施肥的盲目性，减少对肥料的投资，增加甘蔗的产量和蔗糖分，提高经济效益。至１９９０年止，该项技术在广西１４个县市的甘蔗产区上推广应用，累计面积达８．６７万公顷以上，验收结果表明在８８．６％的试验点比对照有明显的增产效果，平均增产９．７６５吨／公顷，蔗糖分提高０．３个百分点。

Having analysed the results of fertilizer experiments in sugarcane of many years,several indice related to sugarcane fertilization based on soil testing were presented,which include fertilizer demand for cane yield of 1 ton,nutrition supply from soil,efficiency of fertilizers of urea,calcicum-magnesium-phosphonium and potassium chloride in a specific year. An equation for calculating the fertilizer demand for the prospective cane yield was developed.The extensive practice in several years has suggested that the application of this technique had led to minimization in blindness of fertilization and the cost on fertilizer, increase in cane yield, sucrose rate and economic benefit. Untill 1990,this technique had been extensively applied in the sugarcane growing area of 14 counties or towns in Guanxi Province, with the total area of more than 86700 hectare. Inspecting work had revealed that yields of 88. 6% of all experimental sites significantly increased. Cane yield and sucrose rate averagedly increased by 9. 765 ton/hactare and 0.3% respectively.