胆道手术抗生素的预防应用

Prophylactic antibiotics in binary surgery

１９８６年１月～１９９２年１２月，对２２４例慢性结石性胆囊炎患者行胆囊切除．其中７８例胆囊内胆汁普通培养，１６．７％出现细菌，而２４１例急性胆管炎的胆汁细菌培养阳性率高达７４．３％．胆汁中细菌对抗生素的敏感度依次为头孢菌素族、氨基甙类和半合成青霉素．本研究资料表明，为了预防胆道手术后并发感染，短期和超短期的用药方式是合理的．

From January 1986through December 1992, 224 patients (78males, 146 females, age range 17～78 a )with calculous chronic cholecystitis underwent cholecystectomy. The contents of the gallbladder were cultivated in 78 cases of them. Positive cultures were only found in 16. 7 per cent of the series, as compared with 74. 3 per cent in 241 patients with acute cholangitis. In order of sensitivity,cephalosporins, aminoglycosides and semisynthetic penicillins were found more specific for the organisms in the bile. Short-term and ultrashort-term antibiotic prophylaxis is advisable for the prevention of infection complications postoperatively in binary surgery in view of our present preliminary studies.