高分子液晶向列相的向错结构

Disclination Structure in Nematic Phase of Liquid Crystalline Polymers

高分子液晶态向错结构在正交偏振片下呈现出具有不同数目黑刷子的纹影织构，是由于分子指向矢取向排列上的不连续性所引起的一种光学效应。近年来，高分子液晶态向错结构的研究已取得了较大进展，发展和应用片晶装饰、条带织构装饰和表面裂纹装饰等技术可以在电镜和偏光显微镜下直接观察各种向错结构。本文简要介绍高分子液晶态向列相的向错和反转壁结构的几何学、高强度向错以及近年在实验上观察各类型向错形态的研究进展。

The disclination in nematic phase of polymeric liquid crystals shows the schlieren texture with different number of dark brushes under polarized optical microscope,which is really a optical effect of the director orientation.In recent years,the study of disclination structure of liquid crystalline polymers is making great progress,The lamellar decoration,banded texture decoration and surface crack decoration have been developed to show the morphology of disclination in nematic phase of liquid crystalline polymers.In this paper the disclination structure in nematic phase and its new research development have been reviewed.