L-谷氨酸脱羧酶电极的研制及性能

Development and Characteristics of Glutamate Decarboxylasc Electrode

酶电极是由传感器和酶膜(或其它形式)组成的一种生物传感器,它通过酶催化反应作用,由传感器检测底物到产物转化或其他变化来进行测定,因此具有专一性好,灵敏度高,操作简便等特点。自本世纪六十年代,Updike和Hicks首先提出酶电极这一概念以来,酶电极的研究发展十分迅速,许多成果已被应用于临床、发酵及食品工业、环境保护等领域。氨基酸,可通过氨基酸脱羧酶的作用,由瓦氏呼吸计检测生成的二氧化碳的量而定量测定。1976年,Tong和Rechnitz首先报道了应用赖氨酸脱羧酶电极测定赖氨酸。其后,White和Guilbault及Tran等人分别对之进行了改进;最近,谷氨酸脱羧酶电极的研究也有报道。

Glutamate decarboxylase electrode was developed by immobilizing the gluta-mate decarboxylase on silicone rubber membrane of CO2-selective electrode using albumin and glutaraldehyde. The detective chamber was connected to the gluta-mate decarboxylase electrode system. This system exhibited good glutamic acid concentration response linearity (1.0×10-3.5M-l,0×10-1.5M with r=0.99 and CV <4.55%),high specificity (the influence of other amino acids was smaller than 5%), rapid response time (less than 2 min in dynamic assay, recovery time.5-10 min) and good storage and operation stability (>30 days and >300 times, res-pectively).