主导产业及其区域传导效应分析

Leading Industries and the Regional Conduction Effect

主导产业首先产生于少数经济发展条件优越的“发展极”。在区域结构复杂的大国体系中,主导产业对产业结构变动的传导作用,存在着明显的区域差异和阶段性差异。工业化的非平衡推进,不仅表现为主导产业与非主导产业的非平衡发展,还表现为主导产业本身对区域分化与整合过程的非均质传导。其常规程式是:主导部门的加速扩张,打破区域内部和区域之间的低水平均衡,引起区域极化;再由社会化分工体系的自然演进、主导部门在区域间的转移和置换,导致区域结构和发展水平的高位均衡或趋近。其中,交通运输业的优先发展是实现区域高位均衡的首要经济条件。我国主导产业的区域分布和发展,超越了大国工业化的非平衡规则,因而其传导效应也恰与常规程式相反。矫正由之引起的结构畸形,须重点弥合主导产业传导程式中的机制断层。

The Leading industries are born in some 'development Polar' which have superior economic development conditions. In the big state system where the regional structure is very complicated, the leading industries conduction effect to the changing of industrial structure varies with regional difference and class difference. The unbalanced development of industrialization finds expression not only in the unbalanced development of leading industries and non-leading industries, but also in the uneven condition of leading industries to the regional differentiation and entirety. Its regular process is: the accelerated expansion of leading sectors breaks the balance of one region's internal factors as well as the balance among different regions. This will cause regional polarization. Furthermore, the natural evolution of socialized division of labour and the regional transfer of leading sectors cause the high grade balance of regional structure and development level. The precedent development of transportation industry is the main factor to achieve the regional high grade balance. China's regional distribution of leading industries goes beyond the regular process of industrialization of big states. So the conduction effect is also opposite to the regular mode. To rectify the abnormal structure, the mechanism fault in the leading industries conduction must be closed.