甘蔗幼叶愈伤组织发生的形态学和组织学研究

THE MORPHOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY OF CALLUS FORMATION IN CULTURED SUGARCANE LEAF SHEATH AND LEAF BLADE

用形态学和组织学方法研究甘蔗幼嫩叶片和幼嫩叶鞘培养愈伤组织的形成过程．发现在含２．４－Ｄ１．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＭＳ培养基上，叶片和叶鞘形成愈伤组织的类型是明显不同的．叶片形成主要是胚性愈伤组织，而叶鞘形成则大多是非胚性愈伤组织．组织学观察表明，叶片愈伤组织发生的部位与叶鞘愈伤组织发生的部位是不同的．叶片愈伤组织发生通过两种方式进行，一种是由两小维管束之间的薄壁细胞进行分裂而形成；另一种是由小维管束与下表皮之间的薄壁细胞进行分裂而形成．叶鞘愈伤组织则是由维管束鞘薄壁细胞朝下表皮方向进行分裂而形成．对叶片和叶鞘愈伤组织发生的形态学和组织学的研究，将为胚性愈伤组织方面的研究提供理论依据．

The processes of calli formation in cultured sugarcane(saccharum officinarum L.)leaf blade and leaf sheath have beent traced with histological and morphological methods.Results show that on MS agar medium containing 2.4-D1.5mg/L,the callus types and the pathways by which calli form are different between the two kinds of explants.The callus initiate from leaf blade is mainly embryogenic callus which can give rise to somatic embryoids after being transferred onto medium without hormones,and the callus leaf sheath produce is mainly non-embryogenic which shows no embryogenic potential.Histological studies reveal that their calli origination are different.