广西亚热带地区的鼠类及其对农业经济发展的影响

Rodents in Subtropic Zone of Guangxi and Their Effects on Development of Agricultural Economics

广西亚热带地区农田生态环境中栖息的鼠类有３１种（松鼠科除外），其中桂东北１５种，桂西北１４种，桂西南２３种，桂南１７种。鼠类组成以鼠科物种占绝对优势，种类多属于东洋界华中区（Ⅵ）种华南区（Ⅶ）的成分，除竹鼠、帚尾豪猪和青毛鼠外，广西境内的种类大多数为滇南山地亚区（ⅦＢ）的种类。鼠类的群落结构分为桂东北中山－黄胸鼠（Ｒａｔｔｕｓｆｌａｖｉｐｅｃｔｕｓ）、黑线姬鼠（Ａｐｏｄｅｍｕｓａｇｒａｒｉｕｓ）和黄毛鼠（Ｒ．ｌｏｓｅａ）群落，桂中丘陵孤峰平原－黄毛鼠、黄胸鼠和褐家鼠（Ｒ．ｎｏｒｖｅｇｉｃｕｓ）群落、桂南中山低山丘陵－黄毛鼠、黄胸鼠和板齿鼠（Ｂａｎｄｉｃｏｔａｉｎｄｉｃａ）群落、桂西南低山丘陵－黄毛鼠、板齿鼠和黄胸鼠群落，桂西北中山丘陵－黄毛鼠、小家鼠（Ｍｕｓｍｕｓｃｕｌｕｓ）和黄胸鼠群落．广西全区鼠密度平均１１．５１％，７７．２７％的县鼠密度＞１１％；９２．０５％的县鼠密度＞７％，鼠类生物量；桂东北３３．０只／ｈｍ２，桂西北３７．５只／ｈｍ２．桂中４２．０只／ｈｍ２，桂西南４９．５只／ｈｍ２；广西全区平均４２．０只／ｈｍ２。对鼠类对广西区域性农业生产的危害进行了分析，提出了控制鼠害的建议。

There are thirty-one species of rodents (except for Sciuridae)in the farm area of subtropicolzone in Guangxi, and with fifteen species in the east-north, fourteen species in the west-north, twentythree species in the west-south, seventeen species in the south. The species of Muridae absolutely dominant in the structure of rodent species, and most species belong to both the Oriental middle of China(Ⅳ) and the south of China (Ⅶ). Except for Rhizomys, Atherurus macrourus, Berylmys bowersi, mostspecies in Guangxi belong to the mountainous realm (Ⅶ B) species of the southern Yunan. The community structure of rodents are divided into the east-north-middle mountain-Rattus flavipectus,Apodemus agrarius and R. losez; the middle-hill-isolated peak plain-R. losea,R. flaforctusand R. norvegicus; the south-middle mountain-hill-R. losea,R. flavipectus and Bndicotaiapica; the west-north-middle mountain-hill-R. losea,Mus musculus and R. flavipectus. Therodent average density of whole Guangxi is 11. 51 %, the rodent densities of 77. 27% counties inGuangxi are over 11%, 92. 05% N counties over 7%. The average biomass of rodents are 33. 0 rat/hm2in the east-north, 37. 5 rat/hm2 in the west-north, 42. 0 rat/hm2 in the middle and 49. 5 rat/hm2 in thewest-south, and 42. 0 rat/hm2 for whloe Guangxi. The rodent damages to regional agreculture inGuangxi are also analysted, and Suggetions for controling rodent harm are putted forth.