氯化胆碱对小麦光合性能及生长的影响

EFFECT OF CHOLINE CHLORIDE ON THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC PARAMETERS AND GROWTH OF WHEAT

盆栽和田间试验结果表明：经喷施有效作用浓度范围（２００—５００ｐｐｍ）氯化胆碱（ＣＣ）后的小麦叶片叶绿素含量略有增加，希尔反应和光合速率增高：促进了游离叶绿体非环式光合电子传递活性；叶绿体片展的发育有所改善；Ｃａ（２＋）－ＡＴＰ酶和Ｍａ（２＋）－ＡＴＰ酶活性均有所提高；对正常呼吸代谢活力无影响．但降低了光呼吸的关键酶乙醇酸氧化酶活性，利于光合提高。对田间小麦株高无明显影响，但叶面积明显增加，功能叶寿命延长；千粒重和小区产量增加；对籽粒含氮量、蛋白质、粗脂肪等含量无明显影响，但总糖量明显增加。本文对ＣＣ促进小麦光合性能之原因和有效作用浓度作了讨论。

Wheat(Triticunl aestivum L.cv.Guangxi 5503)was sprayed with effectively active concentrations(200-500 ppm of choline chloride (CC) in different developmental stages.The main results were as follows:1. The content of chlorophyll was increased slightly,the Hill reaction activity and photosynthetic rate were increased,the activity of non-cyclic photosynthetic electron transport in isolated chloroplasts was promoted,the development of grana lamellae in chloroplast was improved,and the activities of Ca(2+)- ATPase alld Mg(2+)-ATPase were increased.The activity of key enzyme glycolate oxidase in phtorespiration was decreased,but the activity of basic respiration was not changed.2. The plant height of field growth wheat was not changed, but the leaf area was increased obviously,and the life of functional leaf was prolonged.The weight of 1000 grains and grain yield were increased.3.The contents of total nitrogen,protein and crude fat in grain were not changed obviously,but the total saccharide content in grain was increased obviously.The reason of the promoted photosynthetic characteristies and its effectively active concentration of CC treatments were discussed in this paper.