张仲景对《内经》五味理论的运用与发挥

The Application and Development of Five-Taste Doctrine in Neijing by Zhang Zhongjing

本文从三个方面讨论了张仲景依味谴方的特点：１．全方一味为主，这些方往往有一个明显、单纯的治疗倾向，体现了“辛散、酸收、甘缓、苦坚、咸软”的原则。２．一方二味为主。这类方剂集中体现了仲景对《内经》“辛甘发散为阳，酸苦涌泄为阴”理论的运用与发挥。３．一方多味。针对复杂多变的病机，仲景更多的方是多种味，并衡量君臣佐使、轻重缓急而组方。进一步研究药味理论对于仲景学说及中医药理论的研究及发展都有一定的现实意义。

Composinga prescription according the taste of herbal medicines is thecharacteristic of Zhang Zhongjing's application of five-taste doctrine. It isdiscussed as follows :(1) One taste as principal in a prescription, there isusually a simple and distinct therapeutic trend in this kind of prescriptionwhich embodies the principle of “acrid taste for dispersing, sour for astringbg,sweet for moderating, bitter for drying and selty for softening”.(2) Twotastes as principal in a prescription. This kind of prescription reflects theprinciple of “acrid and sweet herbs with dispersing effect are attributive toyang,and sour and bitter herbs with emetic and purgative effects are attributiveto ym”which is recorded in Neijing.(3) Multiple tastes in a prescription.This kinds of prescription is commonly used by Zhang Zhongjhg,which isapplicable to the diseased with complicated pathogenesis.Further study ofthe herbal taste doctrine is essential for the development of the theory ofzhang Zhongjing and traditional Chinese medicine.