市场经济与建立现代石油企业制度

Market Economy and the Establishment of a Mod- ern Petroleum Enterprise System

我国石油企业仍处于僵化状态,没有活力和造血功能。如果仍把对石油企业的管理等同于对石油资源的管理,继续沿用计划经济的管理思想和方式,我国石油工业就难以走出困境。因此,必须按照市场经济的要求,以促进石油生产力的发展为目标,对石油企业进行现代企业制度改造,确立石油企业法人财产权主体和市场主体的地位,使企业的行为机制由完成国家生产任务指标的被动行为转为以追求资本收益最大化为动因,积极参与竞争,满足社会需求的主动行为。为建立有利于现代企业制度有效运行的宏观市场经济环境,还必须对国家的石油工业管理体制进行改革,使之由计划经济体制向市场经济体制转变,变为依靠法律和政策规范企业的行为,通过市场和宏观调控,保证石油资源的合理有效开发利用,满足国内市场对石油产品的需求。

China's petroleum enterprises will not be able to escape their current stagnant situation as long as oil enterprise management is equated with oil resource management and the managerial theories and methods of a planned economy continue to be utilized. Modern enterprise system reforms must be instituted in accordance with the demands of a market economy for the purpose of promoting petroleum productivity. Petroleum enterprises should be established as market participants with property rights and the status of legal entities, thus altering their objectives from passive completion of state allocated production targets to active pursuit of maximum capital gains, and encouraging vigorous competition to meet social demands. The national petroleum management system should also be converted from the mechanisms of a planned economy to those of a market economy in order to establish a favorable macroenvironment for enterprise operations. Enterprise behavior should be standardized according to relevant laws and policies. And the reasonable and effective exploitation and utilization of oil resources should be guaranteed by means of market forces and macrocontrols in order to satisfy domestic needs for petroleum products.