带膝降血管蒂股骨内侧髁骨(膜)瓣的应用解剖

Applied Anatomy of the Femoral Osteoperiosteal Flap Pedicled with the Descending Genicular Vessels

选用30侧经动脉红色乳胶灌注过的下肢标本,解剖观测了膝降血管的起始、走行位置、分支分布.膝降动脉于股骨内侧髁内下缘上方115、2±15.6mm处,起于股动脉,外径2.3±0.4mm.膝降动脉关节支或发自股动脉的关节支是股骨内侧髁前内侧面60mm×30mm区域的主要供血动脉.根据解剖结果,设计了带膝降血管蒂股骨内侧髁骨(膜)瓣移位修复股骨中下段骨不连或骨缺损.

The origin,course,branches and distribution of the descending genicular ves-sels were observed in 30 adult cadaveric lower limbs injected with colored latex. The artery originates from the femoral artery at a point of 11. 5±1. 6cm above the medial condyle. It is 2. 3 ± 0. 4mm in diameter. The articular branch which may originate from the descending genicular artery or from femoral artery is directly the main nutrient artery which gives off branches to the area of 3cm × 6cm in size on the anterior and medial surface of the medial condyle. According to the results the femoral osteoperiosteal flap pedicled with the descend-ing genicular vessels was designed for repairing the defect of the middle distal femur.