海坛岛的地貌及其发育演变

LANDFORM AND EVOLUTION OF HAITAN ISLAND, FUJIAN PROVINCE

海坛岛濒临太平洋边缘活动带,晚三叠纪以来太平洋板块向欧亚大陆板块的俯冲奠定了其地貌发育的基础.以差异性断块升降运动为特征的新构造运动和以流水、风以及海洋动力为主的外力的相互作用,塑造了海坛岛的现代地貌景观.第四纪以来气候一海面的频繁变动对其地貌的发育也有着深刻的影响.海坛岛的地貌可划分为流水、风成和海成地貌三大类共10种地貌基本类型.

The geomorphology of the Haitan Island is complex and diversified, featured by typical development of eolian, marine and fluvial landforms. The landform configuration is obviously controlled by the regional tectonic lines, so the distribution of hills, plains and platforms alternates with one another. The island is close to the Pacific continental margin active zone. The subduction of the Pacific Plate under the Eurasia Plate of Yanshenian stage caused a series of fault tectonics and large scale of intrution, volcanism and metamorphism and has set the basic landform framework of the island. From the late Tertiary, the interaction of the neotectonism characterised with vertical differential fault block movement and the external agents dominated by wind, surface flow and oceanic dynamics have not only moulded the modern geomorphological landscape but also decided the evolution direction of the geo-morphological processes. Frequent climate-sealevel changes and the intensification of human activities also have profound influences on the development of the landform of the island.