温带气旋浪断面结构的研究

STUDY ON THE SECTION STRUCTURE OF WAVES IN THE TEMPERATE DEPRESSION WITH GEOSAT ALTIMETER DATA

据历史天气图和GEOSAT（美国测地／地球物理卫星）高度计同步测到的一个温带气旋为个例，以卫星的海面轨迹为断面，分析该温带气旋横断剖面上的海浪高与风速的结构特征。认为相对于风速，温带气旋的内围波高与外围波高具有明显的不对称性，内围波高明显大于外围波高，波高与风速的关系表现为一种中空反旋结构。给出了这种结构的数学模型、参数估计方法和估计值。

This paper reports results of study of an April 11 zero o'clock, 1989 GEOSATrecord of a TDCW (Temperate Depression Cyclone Wave) (16th of 52 repeat cyc-les) and a weather report of the same time and place. The cyclone center was at159°E, 53°N, the center atmospheric pressure was 992 hPa, the maxinum windspeed was 13.7m/s, the maxinum significant wave height (SWH) was 3.8m, andthe radius of maxinum wind speeds was about 1200km.Analysis on the structural characteristics of tbe SWHs and the wind speeds inthe track revealed differences between the heights of the internal and external SW Hsabout the large wind speeds center. The internal SWHs were larger than those ofthe external SWHs at same wind speeds, the maxinum difference was about 1.0.mThe relation between the SWHs and the wind speeds expressed a hollow core struc-ture turning counterclockwise inward in the following mathematical patternwhere a = 0.30;b = 0.24;c = 0.1;n = 3;U is the wind speeds; Umax is the maxinumwind speed; a+ bU express the average state of the structure; (cU)n sin (πU/Umax)express the structral non-symmetry; '+' applies to the internal whorl of the cyclone;'-' appplied to the external whorl.