海面对风应力的非定常响应

THE TEMPORAL RESPONSE OF CALM SEA TO SURFACE WIND STRESS

针对常垂直湍流系数和变垂直湍流系数两种情况，给出了开阔静止海面对风应力的非定常响应的解析表达式，并讨论了水深、风应力强弱对响应过程的影响．尽管没有考虑风场的非定常性，但本文的结果对理解海洋对风应力的非定带响应过程具有一定的帮助，对分析海面停风后的消衰过程也具有实际意义．通过与实测资料比较，认为变垂直湍流系数模式要比常垂直湍流系数模式更为合理．

An explanation is given for the temporal response process of the open, calm sea surface wind stress. The controlled equation used includes local inertia, Coriolis force, and vertical turbulent terms.When the vertical turbulent coefficient is constant, the model is called Ekman model. We place emphasis on its mode of response, and find out that its mode of response is not related to the magnitude of sea surface wind stress and value of the turbulent coefficient. When the water depth is finite, if (t,h are nondi-mensional time and water depth), the features for finite water depth are very simi-lar to those for infinite water depth. In this artical, we a1so dealt with the case for the varied vertical turbulent coefficient and the infinite depth. In this case the nondimensional response time can be scaled empirically by the sea surface wind speed. After comparing with the observational data, we conclude that the varied vertical turbulent coefficient model is more reasonable than the Ekman model.Although the variation of the wind field is neglected, our results are helpful for understanding the temporal response process of the sea to the surface wind stre-ss. Otherwise, our results can be applied to the decay process when the surface wind disappears.