墨西哥湾扇贝的引种和子一代苗种培育

INTRODUCTION AND SPAT-REARING OF THE F_1 GENERATION OF ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS CONCENTRICUS SAY

为将美国佛罗里达州产的墨西哥湾扇贝作为我国南海水域的养殖对象，于1991年12月将壳高2．0－4．5mm的222个稚贝置于保温瓶内（2．5L海水人控温在15－16℃，并每隔1－1．5h充气数分钟，经3d长途运输到达青岛，稚贝全部成活。在室内控制条件下。培育至6月下旬，平均壳高达33mm，性腺成熟，并采卵成功地培育出于一代。从子一代在海区养成的亲贝采卵分别在青岛、广西与福建培育出子二代。表明，从繁殖、生长等生物学判断，墨西哥湾扇贝能适应我国南海水域。实验还表明，利用培育海湾扇贝的技术工艺，仅将水温提高到26－28℃，也能有效地培育墨西哥湾扇贝，最佳育苗水温在28℃。

The distinctive geographical distribution of the bay scallop Argopecten irradians irradians and its subspecies Argopecien irradians' concentricus prompted us to consider the latter as a feasible introduction to southern waters of China. In December 1991, the first batch of 222 Argopecten irradians concentricut spats with shell height of 2.0-4.5mm, contained in thermos flask with 2.5 liters of seawater at controlled temperature of 15-16℃, in transit for 3 days, arrived in Qingdao, China with a survival rate of 100%. Reared under controlled laboratory conditions, by the latter half of June, they had grown to an average shell height of 33mm and had become sexually matured. Eggs successfully collected and developed gave rise to the F1 generation. Parent scallops developed from the F1 generation successfully bred in Qingdao, Guangxi, and Fujian Provinces and gave rise to F2 generations. Judged from its reproduction, growth, and other biological characteristics, Argopecten irradians concentricus is adaptable to southern waters of China. Results of experiments show that technology used in rearing the bay scallop Argopecten irradians irradians by merely raising the water temperature to 26-28℃ can be effectively applied to Argopecten irradians concentricus which grows best at 28℃.