辐照埃及棉选育陆地棉性状的长绒棉突变体的研究

INDUCED MUTATION OF EGYPT COTTON VARIETY AND SELECTION OF LONG FIBER COTTON MUTANT BY IRRADIATION

１９８５年用６０Ｃｏγ射线２７９Ｇｙ辐照埃及棉“Ａｓｈｒｎｏｕｎｉ”，于１９９１年选出了４个表现陆地棉性状、绒长达３３～３５ｍｍ以上的长绒棉突变体。如突变体９０１９７－１。绒长３５ｍｍ，生育期１３５天，株高９１．９ｃｍ左右，株型紧凑，结铃性强（４３．４个／株）．衣分４０％左右，其纤维品质：２．５％跨越长度为３４．９～３５．６ｍｍ，整齐度４８．５％～５０．２％，断裂比强度１９．２～２０．４ｇ／特克斯，麦克隆值３．９～４．０。这些突变体有待进一步过育和产量鉴定。经初步分析，诱变后代的染色体仍为四倍体，过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶酶谱与亲本有显著差异。

In order to obtain long fiber cotton variety which would be adaptable to the ecologicalconditions of Yellow River Region,the mutation induction of Egypt cotton variety,Ash-mouni,was carried out by γ-ray of 279 Gy in 1985.In M1 generation, serious radiation dam-age was shown in seed-lings,the death percentage of seedling was 63.3%,Two plants withearly maturity were selected and their seeds were planted individually in 1986.The complexsegregation appeared in M2 generation,The selection and domestication were carried out forseveral years and four stable mutant lines which included early maturity,dwarf plant,com-pact pattern,stranger bollbearing ability as well as upland cotton characters were obtained in1991.The fiber length of these lines reached 33～35mm,and the mutants were adaptable toecological condition in Shandong Province,The mutant line,90197-1,whose growing periodand plant height shorter than those of upland cotton cultivar, Zhong-mian No,12,has com-pact plant pattern,high bollbearing ability and ginning out turn of about 40%,Further yieldtest is required for these lines,The hereditary variability of the progeny in mutated Egyptcotton variety,preliminary cytological observation and the analysis of isoenzyme in mutantsare also discussed.