人体振动响应的数学模型

A Mathematical Model of Human Body Response to Vibration

随着科学技术的发展，人类越来越多地受到各种不同振动环境的影响。为了减少振动对人体的不利影响，需要了解人体对振动的动态呼应特性。１５位受试者以从姿承受了０～１００Ｈｚ垂直向随机振动。振动强度为０．５、１．０、１．５Ｇ（ｒｍｓ）。测得了头、肩、髂部相对座椅的响应。结果表明，人体各个部位的频率响应特征是相近的，但是具体的共振频率在个体之间稍有差异。并且观察到共振频率有随着振动剌激强度的增加而降低的现象，人体响应的非线性是明显的。用量小二乘法以单自由度和双自由度模型拟合人体响应特性曲线确定模型参数。用受试者的个体响应曲线和全体的响应的平均值与模型预计的响应进行比较以检验模型的精确度。结果表明，头部和髂部用双自由度模型，肩部用单自由充模型更为合适。数学响应模型的主要用途是在没有人体试验的基础上０预计人体的响应。

Fifteen volunteers were exposed to 0-100Hz random vibration along Z axis in sitting position. The levels of vibration were 0.5G,1. 0G and 1.5G(rms). Re- sponses of head ,shoulder and iliac crest with respect to the seat were measured. It showed that the characteristics of frequency responses of each parts of the human body were substan- tially the same ,but the resonance frequencies varies slightly among individuals.It was ob- served that the resonance frequencies decreased with increase of exciting strength. Non-lin-)earity of human response was obvious.“One-degree-of-freedom”and“two- degrees-of- freedom” models were utilized to fit human responses by means of least square method.The parameters of the models were determined. The responses of individuals and the mean values of all of the subjects were compared with predictions of the model in order to check the pre- cision of the models.The mathematical models can be used to predict the responses of the human body ,with less or non human tests ,this is useful for engineering applications and human protection.