密栅云纹法在人体外形测量中的应用

Application of Moire’Gridding to Anthropometry of Exterior Form

为协调弹射座椅坐垫舒适性、工效与弹射加速度效应，我们用１０名被试者按臀围大小分成三组，并利用密栅云纹法测量其坐姿时背部和臀部的外形。结果表明，不同百分位数受试者等高线图是很有规律的。所测得的人体测量数据已用于设计弹射座椅坐垫外形。另外，背部等高线图能够发现脊柱侧弯，因此该法可用于选拔飞行员。

Ejection seat cushion presents two human engineering problems , com-fort/efficiency and ejection acceleration effects. Cushion might decrease local pressureunder tubers of the ischium.The thicker the cushion ,the more comforttable to the localfeeling but the more harmful to the vertebrae. A contour couch may be a compromisebettween these two contradictive problems. Moire gridding was applied to measure the ex-terior form of back and buttocks of human body in our study. Ten subjects(of fifth,fiftieth and ninty-fifth percentages)in sitting position were measured with moire griddingmethod,The results showed that the isohypse were regular in subjects of diffirent percent-ages. The measured anthropometric data have been used to design exterior form of the e-jection seat contour cushions. Besides ,scoliosis could be discovered by a topograph of theback isohypse.The above results showed that the method of moire gridding can be appliedto anthropomety in pilot selection.