核事故后避迁措施的利益和代价

Benefit and Cost of Relocation after Nuclear Accidents

本文以概率风险评价的方法，借助于欧共体委员会主持开发的核事故后果评价程序系统ＣＯＳＹＭＡ，对避迁措施的利益和代价进行了广泛深入的参数研究，指出了避迁措施的利益和代价与有关参量之间的内在联系。地面去污也作为缩短避迁持续时间的一种辅助措施，考虑在应急措施的模式之中。

In the paper, extensive parameter studies are conducted with the program packageCOSYMA for probabilistic accident consequence assessments to quantify the benefit and cost ofintroducing relocation by PRA method.The key factors deciding the benefit and cost of relocation are identified. The quantitative relationships among the benefit and cost of countermeasures and the important parameters are revealed. Decontamination is considered as a'measurefor reducing the time duration of relocation in the present work.