北方四省小麦叶锈菌群体毒性基因及其频率、分布和组合研究

The Study of Frequency Distribution, and Association of Virulence Genes of Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici in Four Provinces of North China

利用Ｂｒｏｗｄｅｒ和ｗｏｌｆｅ分别提出的毒力频率法比较了河北、山东、河南和陕西４省小麦叶锈菌群体毒性基因及其频率、分布和组合，为相应抗性基因及其组合的利用和布局提供依据。结果表明：Ｖ２ａ、Ｖ３ｃ等７个基因在４省的相对频率均在１４．７１％以下，属于稀少毒性基因；Ｖ２ｄ，Ｖ３ｃ等７个基因的频率均高于５０．９６％，属于优势毒性基因；Ｖ１１，Ｖ２０，Ｖ２７，和Ｖ３２的频率为１５．８７～４９．１５，属于中间类型；Ｖ１，Ｖ２ｂ等１１个毒性基因的频率在４省间则有较大的差异。各省应因地制宜地采用毒性基因频率较低的相应的抗性基因。在毒性基因组合方面，在６个优势毒性基因中，Ｖ３Ｒｇ，１０，１７，２３，２６和Ｖ３Ｂｇ１０，１４ａｂ，１７，２６在４省均为优势组合，频率均在９．６８％以上。

The frequency of occurrence, distribution and association of virulence genes of P. recondita f. sP. tritici collected from Hebei, Shandong, Henan and Shanxi provinces were studied by using the methods suggested by wolfe and Browder respectively. The results showed that relative frequencies of 7 virulence genes such as V2c, V2a, etc. were less than 14. 71% and were considered as rare virulence genes; 7 virulence genes such as V2d,V3 etc. were dominant ones (50. 96%); V11, V20, V27 and V32 were intermediate (15.87 -49.15%), while the other 11 virulence genes such as V1, V2b, etc. showed great variation between provinces. Among the 6 dominant virulence genes, the association of V3Bg,10,17,23,26 and that of V3Bg,10,14ab,17,23,26, were dominant (9.68%) in all the four provinces.