玉米丝黑穗病菌冬孢子生物学特性的研究Ⅰ

Study on the Biological Characteristics of Teliospores of Sphacelotheca reiliana (Ⅰ)

玉米丝黑穗病菌冬孢子用清水浸２ｄ，再用０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ盐酸处理６ｈ、１２ｈ的能显著的促进冬孢子的萌发，萌发率为６４％和５８％；对照仅为２６．３％，０．４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，０．６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，０．８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ｌｍｏｌ／Ｌ的盐酸处理６ｈ、１２ｈ、２４ｈ、４８ｈ显著地抑制冬孢子的萌发、萌发率为０；０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ盐酸予处理６ｈ、１２ｈ、２４ｈ、４８ｈ对冬孢子的萌发无影响。不同浓度的氢氧化钠溶液予处理不同时间对冬孢子的萌发均有抑制作用。以天门冬氨酸、吲跺乙酸为培养液，以质量分数０．１％的抗坏血酸为培养液的冬孢于萌发率最高，为６１．２％．冬孢子在不同的抗感玉米材料及植株的各器官上其萌发率有显著差异，感病材料“京黄４１７”（３２．９６％），抗病材料ＭＯ１７（４．４％）、胚芽鞘（４７．２％），根（１２．７％）．

The germination rates of teliospores steeped in water for two days and then in 0. 05 mol/L hydrochloric acid for 6 hours and 12 hours, were prominently enhanced, reaching 64% when treated with 0. 05 mol/L hydrochloric acid for 12 hours, and 26. 3% when treated only with water. Howerer, they were prominently inhibited when teliospores treated with 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid for 6 hours, 12 hours,24 hours and 48 hours, with the result of zero germination rates. Besides, the treatments with 0. 05 mol/L hydrochloric acid for 24 hours and 48 hours and 0.1 mol/L,0.2mol/l.hydrochloric acid for 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours had no effects on the germination rates. The germination rates of teliospores were also inhibited by pretreatments with sodium hydrate solution in different concentration. The best medium for teliospore germination test was 0 1 % ascorbio acid,the germination rate reaching 61.2%.The germination rates of teliospores were32.96%,and 4.4%, respectively, when teliospores were cultured on 'JingHuang 417', a corn susceptible cultivar and 'Mo 17',a resistant inbred line. There was remarkable difference in germination rates when cultured on different parts of corn seedlings,the germination rates reaching 47.2% when teliospores cultured on coleoptile and only 12.7% when on roots.