盛花期喷施多效唑和氮磷钾肥对夏大豆的保荚增产效应

Effecs of Spraying Paclobutrazol and NPK Fertilizer on Soybean at Full-blossom Stage On Pod Preserving and Yield

夏大豆盛花期叶面复合喷施多效唑和Ｎ，Ｐ，Ｋ肥既可促进植株横向生长，抑制纵向生长，提高叶片叶绿素含量和光合强度；又可有效补充植株Ｎ，Ｐ营养，提高叶片和花荚Ｎ，Ｐ含量，与单喷多效唑和单喷Ｎ，Ｐ，Ｋ相比，可更有效地改善植林营养，减少花荚脱落，提高产量。经复合喷施处理夏大豆花荚脱落率５１．８％，比对照降低２４．３％，单株荚数增加２４．０％，增产１８．６％。单喷多效唑和Ｎ，Ｐ，Ｋ肥分别比对照增产１１．７％和９．６％。

Spraying the mixture of paclobutrazol and nitrogen-phosphorous-potassium nu-trients on the canopy of summer soybean at the full-blossom stage could promote trans-verse development and retard vertical growth of plant,increasing the contents of chloroph-yll and photosynthesis rate of leaf,and at the same time effectively complementing inor-ganic nutr ients to plant,increasing the contents of nitrogen and phosphorous in leaf andflower-pod.Compared to the spraying sole paclobutrazol and only NPK fertilizer,thismixed spraying of both could effectively improve the plant nutrition status,decrease theshedding rate of flower-pod and result in a higher yield.The experiment showed that theflower-pod shedding rate by mixed spraying treatment was 51.8%,which was 24.3%low-er than the control(spraying water), the pod number per plant was 24.0%more thanthe control,and the yield increasing rate was18.6%.Spraying MET solely and sprayingNPK only could lead to 11.7%and 9.6%higher output respectively than the control.