摘要
南极大陆位于地球南端。地层自太主界至新生界均有出露，岩浆活动各个时代亦均有发育。南极基底是由前寒武系和寒武－奥陶系构成的双构造层基底；盖层由泥盆系三叠系组成，其中石炭纪末至二叠纪初的冰碛层对研究冈瓦纳古陆的演化具有极为重要的意义。冈瓦纳古陆的裂解，即东冈瓦纳（南极－印度－澳大利亚）与西冈瓦纳（南美－非洲）是在约１５０Ｍａ之前分开的。１３０Ｍａ之前，南大西洋的打开又把西冈瓦纳分割成两块，并导致Ｅｌｌｓｗｏｒｔｈ山与南极半岛及Ｔｈｕｒｓｔｏｎ岛相连形成威德尔古陆。
Antarctica,14 000 000 km￣2 in area,is located in the southernmost of the Earth.WithOnly about 5%of outcrops,it is covered by ice for the most part within the Antarctic Circle,except for the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula.Antarctica consists of two tectonic units:the East Antarctic Shield and the WestAntaretic Mobile Belt with the Transantarctic Mountains as the boundary between the two.The tectonic nature of the basement of the Transantarctic Mountains is similar to that ofEast Antarctica whereas the evolution of its cover is related to West Antarctica.Chen Tingyu(1986)termed it a shield-marginal platform.To the west of the Transantarctic Mountains andin the east of West Antarctica is the weddell-Ross basins area.These are the back-arc basinsof the Mesozoic-Cenozoic West Antarctic Mobile Belt(Fig,1).
基金
国家南极考察委员会
国家自然科学基金
地质科学技术发展基金
关键词
地质演化
裂解
冈瓦纳古陆
南极
geologic evolution,breakup,Gondwana,Antarctica
