烟蚜茧蜂、菜蚜茧蜂各个虫态及世代发育起点和有效积温的研究

Development Thresholds and Thermal Constants of Aphidius gifuensis and Diaeretiella rapae

通过解剖、观察、记录烟蚜茧蜂（ＡｇｈｉｄｉｕｓｇｉｆｕｅｎｓｉｓＡｓｈｍｅａｄ）与菜蚜茧蜂（Ｄｉａｅｒｅｔｉｅｌｌａｒａｐａｅ（Ｍ’Ｉｎｔｏｓｈ）各个虫态、接蜂至形成僵蚜和接蜂到出蜂的发育历期，依据有效积温法则，计算出两种蚜茧蜂各上态及世代发育起点和有效积温。由此推算出在北京地区烟蚜茧蜂常年平均发生１７代，最多１９代；菜蚜茧蜂平均１７代，最多１８代，最少１６代。

By dissecting parasitized aphids reared under the constant temperatures,the development periods of A.gifuensis and D.rapae were observed including the stages of egg,larvae,pupa,the periods from egg to mummy-forming and to adult-emerging.Based on the law of temperature accumulation, the development thresholds and the thermal constants of the two parasitoids were calculated.The results indicated that in Beijing area. gifuensis used to have 17 generations per year,19 at most,while D.rapae used to have 17,18 at most,and 16 at least.