茶园的他感作用研究

STUDIES ON THE ALLELOPATHY OF TEA PLANT Camellia sinensis (L.)KUNTZE

本文研究了茶园常见遮荫树及茶树本身对茶子萌发及茶幼苗生长的影响，结果表明，茶树根、茎、叶、果皮的水抽提液对茶子萌发及茶幼苗生长均有明显的抑制作用；多酚类，咖啡碱是茶树自毒作用的主要物质。参试的７个供体树种对茶树他感作用强弱的顺序为：凤凰木＞银合欢＞台湾相思＞柠檬桉＞南洋楹＞大叶相思＞大叶桉。文章讨论了防止茶树衰老的措施及合理设计茶园群落的依据。

The autotoxic effects of aqueous extract of tea plant stem,leaf,root andfruitpeel on the germination and the seedling growth of tea were studied.The allelo-pathic effects of aqueous extract from leaves of shade trees species in tea plantationwere studied.The study indicated that there were autotoxic effects of aqueous extractfrom tea stem,leaf,root,and fruitpeel.Different levels of allelopathic effects wereexisted in aqueous extract from leaves of different species among shade trees in teaplantation,the order of their inhibitory effects on the tea seedling growth was:Delonixregia Raf.>Leacaena glauca(L.)Benth>Acacia confusa Meer>Eucalytus citriodoraHook.>Albizia falcata(L.)Backer ex Mei,>Acacia auriculaformis A.cum>Eucalyptusrobusta Stmith. Tea polyphenols and coffeine were proved to be important phytotoxicchemicals of tea plant allelopathy.Some methods for avoiding the tea plant autotoxicity andallelopathy in tea plantation were proposed.The research results provided a scientific base forthe design of artificial tea plant community with reasonable structure.