劳动姿势对流量－容积曲线的影响─—波速学说的进一步验证

Influence of the Working Posture on the Flow-Volume Curve:An Advanced Identification of the“Wave Speed Theory”

用“点值法”对健康工人４７３例［轻体力劳动工人（简称轻工）２４８例，重体力劳动工人（简称重工）２２５例］。作了流量一容积曲线和常规通气功能检查。结果表明：重工男女在４０岁以后其高肺容积流量下降，３０岁以后低肺容积流量上升，而且这些改变有随年龄增长而更加明显的倾向；轻工仅有个别年龄组的低肺容积流量上升。对７名健康坐位工作者模拟劳动的前倾姿势作多次通气功能检查，亦有明显高肺容积流量下降和低肺容积流量上升的现象，这一事实提示波速学说亦可应用于颈和躯干前倾进行重体力劳动工人的通气行为。

The flow-vohme(F-V)curves androutine ventilatorv functions were performed with “point-measured method ” on 473 healthy workers.224 engaged in heavy work; 248 engaged in moderate-ly heavy work and were compared with normal seden-tary subjects.In workers who had heavy load,theflows at high lung volumes were reduced after 40 yearsof age,and the flows at low lung volumes were in-creased after 30 years both in males and females.There was a tendency of increase with age. In workerswho had moderately heavy load,only the increase offlow at low lung volumes in individual age group wasnoticed.The same ventilatory fu nctions were repeat-edly measured on 7 healthy sedentary subjects whomimicked the working posture by bending forward. The same results were obtained with reduced flows athigh lung volumes and increased flows at low lung vol-umes,and were also consistent with those of farmersmeasured previously. This fact suggested that thewave soeed theory can also be applicable to the venti-latory behavior of the workers with forward bending ofneck and trunk during heavily loaded working.