从土壤中分离的410株苏云金芽孢杆菌的鉴定

STUDIES ON 410 STRAINS OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS ISOLATED FROM SOILS

对从中国２０个省（区）采集的１５４２个土壤样品中分离的４１０株苏云金芽孢杆菌进行了血清学鉴定。结果表明，２１８株（５３．２％）属于已知３０个标准Ｈ－血清型中的１５个Ｈ－血清型，即Ｈ１、Ｈ２、Ｈ３、Ｈ４、Ｈ５、Ｈ６、Ｈ７、Ｈ８、Ｈ１３、Ｈ１４、Ｈ１５、Ｈ１６、Ｈ１７、Ｈ２２和Ｈ２６。其余的１９２株中，除１７５株为无鞭毛或自凝菌株无法进行血清学鉴定外，１６株（３．９％）的Ｈ－抗原不与已知２７个标准Ｈ－抗血清起交叉反应，其中有４株的Ｈ－抗血清也不与已知２７个标准菌株的Ｈ－抗原起交叉反应；另一菌株无Ｈ－抗原，但其伴孢晶体和芽孢不分离，并连成长链状。这５个菌株生化反应也与Ｈ－血清型１－２７的标准菌株不同。还对各省（区）不同Ｈ－血清型在不同植被的土壤中的分布进行了分析。４１０株分离菌中，有２７８株对小菜蛾幼虫有毒力，１０株有高毒力；１０７株对致乏库蚊幼虫有毒力，６株有高毒力。１１株无反应菌和１株属Ｈ２型及１株属Ｈ２２型的分离菌对致乏库蚊、中华按蚊及家蚕幼虫不显示毒力。

isolates of Bacillus thuring iensis(B.t)were obtained from 1542 soil samples collected from 20 provinces in China.Of these isolates, 218(53.2%)were identified as 15H serotypes among the 30H serotypes of Bacillus thurinq iensis. Of the remaining 192 isolates, 175(42.6%)were untestable because of nonmotility and marked autoagglutination, and H-antigens of 1 6(3.9%)isolates did not react with the H-antigens of the known B.t. serotypes 1-27. of the 16 isolates, the H-antiserum of 4 isolates did not agglutinate any H-antigen of the known 27 serotypes of B.t. Other isolates are morphologically different from any known B.t. since their parasporal inclusion (PIS) is firmly attached to the spore forming a long chain of PIS-spore.The distribution and insect toxicity of these B. t isolates have also been studied.