内压与非电解质溶液理论

Internal Pressure and Solution Theory for Nonelectrolytes

本文用热力学方法,为非电解质溶液建立了一个非无热溶液理论,这个理论不包含任何可调参数,完全可由纯组分的性质来预测液体混合物的过量Gibbs自由能.倘若已知混合物的体积,还可预测其过量焓和过量熵.而这些纯组分的性质,都与液体的内压有关.对37个二元系统预测结果表明,实验值的一致性大多优于Scatchard—Hildebrand正规溶液理论及其修正型式SHFH理论.

A theory of nonathermal solutions for nonelectrolytes has been established by a thermodynamic method. This theory does not contain any adjustable parameters. The excess Gibbs free energy of liquid mixtures can be predicted by properties of pure components which are related to their internal pressure. The excess enthalpy and entropy can also be calculated, if the volume of liquid mixture is known. The results of prediction show that the agreement with experimental values prevails over that by the Scatchard-Hildebrand theory of regular solutions and its modified version, SHFH theory for most of thirty-seven binary systems.