三元体系MCl—SbCl_3—HOAc(M=Li,Na;25℃)的研究

A Study on Ternary Systems MCl-SbCl_3-HOAc (M = Li, Na; 25 ℃)

测定了三元体系MCl-SbCl_3-HOAc(M=Li,Na;25℃)的溶度数据和饱和溶液的折光指数,并绘制了相应的溶度图及其折光指数曲线M=Li时,体系的溶度曲线和折光指数曲线均由三支组成,分别与LiCl·0.5HOAc,LiCl,SbCl_3相对应,M=Na时,体系属于简单共饱型,无任何新相形成.研究结果表明,当M分别是Li,Na或K,NH_4,Rb,Cs时,体系的物理化学行为有着极为显著的不同,说明MCl-SbCl_3-HOAc(M=Li,Na,K,NH_4,Rb,Cs)体系可以作为区分碱金属系列阳离子性质差别的典型体系.

The solubilities and refractive indexes of saturated solutions of the title system(at 25℃) have been investigated and the corresponding equilibrium diagram was constructed. There are 5 solid phases in the system: NH_4Cl, SbCl_3, 5NH_4Cl·SbCl_3, 2NH_4Cl·SbCl_3·1.5HOAc and 5NH_4Cl·3SbCl_3·2.5HOAc. The latter three have not yet been reported in the literature. A metastable phase 3NH_4Cl·SbCl_3 was found and its solubilities were determined at the same temperature. Some physicochemical properties of all the complex compounds are described. The results of X-ray diffraction show that 5NH_4Cl·SbCl_3 decomposed slowly with the formation of 3NH_4Cl·SbCl_3. This work presents a new method for preparing 3NH_4Cl·SbCl_3.