工程材料低温服役安全性定量估算的临界温度－环境温度可靠性模型

CRITICAL TEMPERATURE-ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE RELIABILITY MODEL FOR ESTIMATING THE SECURITY OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS UNDER LOW TEMPERATURE

微观不均匀性引起材料宏观韧性的分散性，本文指出：由试验所得的韧性－温度关系曲线上，相应某指定韧性值的临界温度是一个随机变量。由此提出了临界温度－环境温度可靠性模型，并利用集合论的方法推导出临界温度分布函数的解析关系式。最后结合几种工程材料进行了分析与讨论。

In the light of the statistical distribution of toughness resulting from the microstructural inhomogeneity of materials, a critical temperature-environmental temperature reliability model is established on the conclusion that the critical temperature corresponding to any assigned toughness value at the toughness-temperature curve obtained by testing is a random variable.The relationship between critical temperature distribution function and toughness distribution function is deduced by the mean of set theory.Analysis and discussion are also carried out for several materials to show application of the model.