实验性猪口蹄疫免疫病理形态学研究

Immunopathological Studies on Experimental Infection of Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Swine

选用健康仔猪13头,分成4组:健康对照组2头,健康攻毒组5头,免疫组和免疫攻毒级各3头。健康攻毒组经皮下注射猪口蹄疫病毒(FMDV);免疫组和免疫攻毒组均经皮下接种猪口蹄疫牛皮肤细胞弱毒苗(FMD-BC),观察1个月后,前者扑杀,后者再攻FMDV,1个月后扑杀。结果:健康攻毒组5头仔猪均出现口蹄疫(FMD)典型的临床症状和病现学变化,其淋巴结、脾脏不同程度的变性、坏死和出血,淋巴小结减少和缩小,淋巴细胞稀少,浆细胞呈坏死性变化,酯酶阳性(ANAE^+)细胞和次级淋巴小结均减少;免疫组未见任何FMD病理学变化,主要见全身各部位淋巴结及脾脏不同程度地增大,尤以肩前、髂下和脾门淋巴结更为显著,其淋巴小结显著增多、增大,淋巴细胞活化,大、中淋巴细胞增多,以过渡型和未成熟型浆细胞为主,ANAE^+细胞和次级淋巴小结均增多;免疫攻毒组的变化与免疫组相似。

Thirteen healthy young swine were divided into four groups.Two swine in the 1st group were served as healthy control. Five swine ofthe 2nd group were inoculated sc. with FMDV, all these animals manifeted obvious clinical signs and degeneration, necrosis and hemorrhage wereseen in the lymph nodes and spleen. Microscopy,both the ANAE+ cells andthe secondary lymphoid nodules decreased. Three swine in the 3rd groupwere immunized sc. with FMD-BC attenuated vaccine, the evident changeswere enlargement of the lymph nodes and spleen. Microscopy, lymphoidnodules and immunologically competent cells increased in number and theimmature cells formed predominatly.Both the ANAE^+ cell and the secondarylymphoid nodules increased. The last group included 3 swine, they wereimmunized sc. with FMD-BC attenuated vaccine and then challenged withFMDV, all animals did not show any FMD pathological changes in autopsy.Other changes were similar to those of vaccinated animals.