直接操纵建立用户界面：NPUUMS

NPUUIMS:A User Interface Based on Direct Manipulation

ＮＰＵＵＩＭＳ是一个用户界面管理系统（ＵＩＭＳ）主要用来快速建立和改进用户界面的原型，并且着重在用户界面的可视部分的完善．对于对话的控制，ＮＰＵＵＩＭＳ仅简单地提供了控制转移命令，用于建立可视对象之间的控制流程．这种控制流程是一种概括性的对话控制，主要用于动态执行用户界面原型．因此，ＮＰＵＵＩＭＳ不需要界面规范说明语言．该系统采用直接操纵的技术，结合面向对象的程序设计方法，建立界面原型，因而提高了ＵＩＭＳ的易使用性，易修改性。

NPUUIMS is a User Interface Management System which is mainly used to create and improve user niterface prototypes rapidly. In this paper. we present a new UI structural model - form-independent model, which becomes the theoretical basis of NPUUIMS development NPUUIMS needs no textual specification language for user interface, instead of which, NPUUIMS uses the direct manipulation techniques, together with object-oriented method and visual programming techniques, to construct UI prototypes.