草鱼出血病的病原研究

ON PATHOGEN OF HEMORRHAGE OF GRASS CARP(CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLUS C.ET V.)

草鱼出血病的病原研究,始于50年代。1978—84年,分离到一种病原病毒,定名为草鱼呼肠孤病毒或鱼呼肠孤病毒。本文报道从出血病病鱼组织的电镜研究中发现两种病毒颗料,一种即是呼肠孤病毒,另一种是20-30nm大小的病毒。经病毒的核酸分析,前者是双股RNA病毒;后者为单股RNA病毒。用分离到的这两种病毒分别注入1足龄健康草鱼,可发生两类不同症状的出血病;呼肠孤病毒主要导致“肠出血型”症状;另一种病毒(经初步鉴别属于小RNA病毒科病毒)主要导致“肌肉出血型”出血病。由此,可以证实两种病毒都是草鱼出血病的病原病毒,同时也初步解释出现两种不同症状出血病的原因。

The pathogen of hemorrhage of grass carp was studied as early as the beginning of the 1950s. Until 1978-84 the reovirus was isolated, which wasdenominated Grass Carp Reovirus (GCR) or Fish Reovirus. This paper deals withtwo kinds of virosome: one is Reovirus and the other is 20-30 nm in diameter.They were observed in the tissue of diseased fish under electron microscope. Byanalysing the nucleic acid of virus, the former virus is dsRNA virus and the lateris ssRNA virus. These two virus were infected by injection to 1 year old healthyGrass carp respectively. Two typical symptoma of hemorrhage appeared: thesymptom of hemorrhage of intestinal tract caused by Reovirus and the symptomof musculature caused by the other virus. It is obvious that both viruses are thepathogen of hemorrhage of grass carp of different kinds. The virus which is 20-30 nm in diameter was temporary defined as Picornaviridae.