家猪染色体C－带作为遗传标记的研究

Studies on the Feasibility of Domestic Pig Chromosome C-bands as Genetic Markers.

采用淋巴细胞培养和染色体Ｃ－分带方法，观察测量Ｃ－带的大小，试图查明Ｃ－带在细胞有丝分裂过程中的稳定性；Ｃ－带长度与染色体长度的关系以及Ｃ－带个体的稳定性，进而探讨以家猪染色体Ｃ－带作为遗传标记的可行性。结果表明：细胞在有丝分裂过程中，着丝粒及其附近的结构性异染色质的量是恒定的；中期染色体Ｃ－带大小不因染色体的长度变化而变化；在个体内细胞间同一染色体的Ｃ－带大小具有高度可重复性；同一个体不同时期的Ｃ－带大小具有相似性，从而展示了家猪染色体Ｃ－带作为遗传标记是可行的。

Lymphocyte culture and C-banding of chromosomes of domestic pigs were carried out.C-band sizes were measured to investigate the stability of C-bands in the process of mitosis,the relationship between the lengths of C-bands and the lengths of chromosomes and the stability of C-bands within an individual in an attempt to explore the feasibility of using chromosome C-bands of domestic pigs as genetic markers. The results showed that the quantities of constitutive heterochromatin of a centromere and its neighbourhood were constant during mitosis, the sizes of C-bands of M-phase chromosomes did not change with chromosome lengths, the C-band sizes of the same chromosome in the cells within an individual were highly repeatable, and the C-band sizes at different growth stages of an individual were similar. These suggest that C-bands of domestic pig chromosomes can be used as genetic markers.