不同水浆管理对杂交早稻无效分蘖的控制效果

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT WATER MANAGEMENTS ON THE CONTROL OF TILLERS OF EARLY HYBRID RICE AND ON ITS RELATED CHARACTERISTICS

在浙南平原青紫塥粘田的大田自然环境中，在分蘖中后期进行不同管水办法以控制杂交早稻的无效分孽的试验。结果表明，其效果以１０～１７ｃｍ的深水最好，４～８ｃｍ的淹水和１ｈｍ￣２苗数未达２７０万始搁的早搁田处理次之，１ｈｍ￣２苗数超过２７０万始搁的迟搁田处理控制无效分孽的效果不好。试验表明，由于杂交稻的生长势，分蘖力，和根系优势均比常规稻强，因此控制无效分蘖的栽培措施应提早。杂交水稻提早搁田使群体和个体间合理协调，苗峰下降，成穗率提高，个体健壮，穗型整齐、增大，库容增大。提早搁田又在时间上争取了主动，即使在搁田期间遇连续阴雨，或防病冶虫需保持水层的情况下，仍具有良好的搁田效果。试验表明，杂交水稻提早搁田，使稻株的基部节间缩短，直径增大，充实度增加，群体透光性增大，株型变好，所以既提高了抗倒伏能力和抗病性，又有利于水稻生育后期光合产物的积累，提高经济系数和产量。

Under field condition in the southern plain in Zhejing , an experiment with different wa-ter managements to control tillers of early hybrid rice was conducted. The effect of irrigatinghigh level water on controlling tillers was the best, that of early drying practic was better andthat of late drying practice was not good.The results of six treatments from l20 × 10￣4 seedling/hm￣2 to 382.5 × 10￣4 seedling/hm￣2showed that the earlier the drying practice, the better the effect of controlling tillers and thehigher the rate of effective tillers. The earlier drying practice lead to the earlier peak seadlingstage and the earlier time at which the amount of the population was equal to that of the ef-fective ears. The earlier drying practice in early hybrid rice lead to its. shorter length,its greater di-ameter and its greater dry weight of 1 cm culm of the internodes in the culm base. The earlierdrying practice also lead to its greater light transmission of the colony, its lovver coefficient oflightextinction and its more accumutation of dry matter in the late stage.