稀土对温州蜜柑产量、品质影响的研究

STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF RARE EARTHS ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF SATSUMA ORANGE

多年多点的田间试验和生产示范结果表明：稀土对柑桔的产量效应明显受到土壤肥力水平所制约。在肥力较高的红壤、潮土桔园，温州蜜柑喷施稀土均能显著提高产量，增产率为１０．７％～４６．５％，平均２３．４％，在肥力低的红镶、潮土桔园，一般增产作用不明显。喷施稀土的温州蜜柑果实品质均有改善，在减少果皮厚度，降低酸度，提高糖酸比、固酸比，增加氨基酸、必需氨基酸、半必需氨基酸含量等方面有明显效果。稀土能促进桔树对Ｎ，Ｐ的吸收，增加叶面积和叶绿素含量。从产量构成因素分析，稀土对温州蜜柑的增产作用表现为在土壤肥力较高的条件下，能显著提高座果率，增加单株收果数，对单果重影响不大。

From 1987 to 1992,the field experiments and productive demonstration in many regions have been carried out.The results show that the effect of rare earths on the yield of orange is subject to the level of soil fertility, In the orchards of higher fertility red soil and moisture meadow soil, Rare earths can raise remarkably the yield of satsuma orange at the rates of 10. 7 percent to 46.5 percent. But in the orchards of lower fertility red soil and moisture meadow soil ,the effect of yield increase is not obvious,Rard earths also improve the fruit quality of satsuma orange,their effects on reducing the thickness of fruit coats and acid ratio,on raising-the ratio of sugar-acid and soluble solids-acid and on increasing the total amount of amino acids and contents of essential or semi-essential amino acids are remarkable. Rare earths also promote the absorption of N. and P. and ,increase the leave area and chlorophyll content.Based on the analysis of the factors of yields formation,the functions of rare earths on increas-ing the preduction of satsuma orange lie in the obvious increase of the ratio of fruit set and har-vested fruit number of per tree.