胎儿大脑中动脉皮质支和中央支微血管铸型的扫描电镜观察

SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY ON THE MICROVASCULATURE OF CORTICAL AND CENTRAL BRANCHES OF THE MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY IN FETUS

应用脑血管铸型方法,在扫描电镜下观察了10例胎儿大脑中动脉皮质支及中央支的微血管构筑,结果表明两者存有差异.(1)皮质支分出的微动脉按照其终止部位分为皮质浅动脉、皮质中动脉和皮质深动脉.微动脉多以锐角发出分支.皮质中动脉和皮质深动脉可见喷泉样分支.皮质内血管网明显地分浅、中、深三层,以中层(Ⅲ、Ⅳ层)最密集.微静脉属支以直角汇入主干.(2)中央支及其分支的微动脉根据其从大脑中动脉的起始部位不同分为内侧群和外恻群,常以直角发出分支,可见锚状和梳状分支.毛细血管密度基底核区大于内囊处.微静脉属支呈锐角注入主干.此外,还对中央支和皮质文微血管壁形态特点以及微动脉的一些特殊结构的意义等进行了讨论.

The microvasculature of cortical and central branches of the middle cerebral artery in 10 fetuses was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that there were differences between them. (1) The cortical branches and their arterioles were classified into superficial, middle, and deep branches according to the site of their termination. They gave off their branches in an actue angle. There were some fountain-like rami in the middle and deep cortical branches. The vasular network of the cortex was of three layers: superficial, middle, and deep. The supply of blood vessels in the middle layer (Layer Ⅲ-Ⅳ) was the richest. The venules extended their branches at almost a right angle. (2) The central branches and their arterioles were classified into medial and lateral groups according to the origin from the middle cerebral artery. They sent out many small arterioles in a right angle. The anchor-like and comb-like branches were observed. In basal nuclei, the capillary density was compact, while in internal capsules the density was diffuse. Small venules drained into large venules in an acule angle. The morphologic characteristics of microvascular walls and the significance of particular vascular features in the cortical and central branches are discussed in this paper.