摘要
目前,对于波浪力的研究,多以单一构件或孤立墩柱进行单项测试,而对群桩结构的模拟仅在规则正向波的情况下进行。因此,其试验成果带有简单的概化痕迹,这对于海工建筑物的设计,常会引起较大的误差。本文介绍在不规则波作用下,海工结构物的整体模拟试验。无论就波浪形念的逼真程度,还是受力构件之间绕流、散射和遮帘等机制的复演都较以前有了较大的改进,从而提高了试验成果的精度。乍浦港码头系由栈桥连结的外海开敞式码头。栈桥跨越破波带、浅水区和深水区。码头纵轴与外海主波向呈斜交势念。在不规则波作用下,本试验就各波向和水深分别测取了码头和栈桥和总水平力、码头和栈桥面板的上托力以及桩基的压力分布;进行了沿码头纵轴的侧向垂线压力分布的试验;还进行了波浪力过程线上出现极值的概率分布研究。
Up to now, the model tests of wave force on pile structures are con sidered only for a single structural member or an isolated pile, and the acting wave is regular and normal for multipile structures, the result of test may only be a general situation. Therefore, such result may often lead to a considerable error for designing an offshore stucture. This paper introduces mainly the results of an overall model test of an offshore structure, under the action of irregnlar waves. In this model test, the simulated reliability of wave form, detour current between subjected structural members, wave scattering and wave shielding are all impoved, so that the accuracy of the results is increased. The offshore pile pier of Zhapu Harbour is an open type and links up the shore to the sea wlth the landing statge. The landing stage cuts across the surf zone, the shallow water and deep water area. The longitudinal axis of the pier is oblipue to the main wave direction. Under the action of irregular waves, the total horizontal forces on the pier and on the landing stage for different wave directions and water depths, the uplifting forces onthe surface boards of the pier and the landing stage, and the pressure distribution on the piles are measured. The model tests for the vertical distribution of lateral pressure along the longitudinal axis of the pier are carried out, and the probability distribution of maximum force value is also analysed.
