论现代企业制度（中）

On modern enterprise system

作者认为，建立现代企业制度，首要的前提是明断企业的产权关系。在中国，要实现现代企业制度所遇到的困难，不仅仅是国有企业产权关系不明晰，就是集体所有制企业、乡镇企业的产权关系也不明断，；解决国有资产的人格化和建立企业法人财产制度，促使企业真正做到自负盈亏是至关重要的；必须尊重股东的权益，让股东有自己决定经营者的权力是关键．传统的企业干部人事制度应当被废止．在现代企业制度中，核心的问题是对资产的运营，即出资者将财产托付给经营者去营运，进而达到资产的保值、增值和获得资产收益的目的，而经营者财运用出资者出资所形成的企业法人财产，获取收益．现代企业的发展史，说到底，既是一部科技进步史，更是一部资本扩张史，科技是在资本不断扩张的基础上得到进步的。为此，就要允许企业采用多种手段实现资产效益的最大化．

Abstract This paper points out that, the first prerequisite for building modern enterprise system is clearing firms' property rights. In China, the difficulty of establishing modern enterprise sys tem is that the property rights relationship is nuclear not only in State firms but also in collec tively-run firms and township ones, even who will represent State firms and State assets isindistinct. Therefore, based on defining property rights relationship, we should set upenterprise's corporate property rights system in order to improve firms responsible for theirown profits and losses. For this sake, the focus is respecting stock holders' rights and inter ests and letting them decide the operators, and the traditional cadre and personnel system should be abolished. The core of modern enterprise system is that investors entrust their property to firms' operators so as to preserve and increase their assets' value and gain theproperty's profits, and the operators obtain gains by operating the firms' corporate property.The development history of modern enterprise is, in the final analysis, a evolving history of science and technology still more a capital expanding history. Science and technology get to improve based on unceasing capital expansion. Therefore, we should allow enterprise to operate well assets by diversify means.