人民币自由兑换与对外贸易收支改善

Free Exchange of Renminbi and the Improvement of Balance of Payment on Foreign Trade

人民币自由兑换通过汇率水平、汇率变动过程特征以及自由兑换方式本身影响对外贸易和国际收支，但汇率水平的影响是主要的。人民币自由兑换将导致人民币大幅度贬值，但这并不一定意味着我国对外贸易收支的改善。这里需要澄清许多模糊认识。要使人民币贬值促进我国贸易收支改善的可能性转变为现实性，还需要采取包括汇率政策、产业政策、财政货币政策、出口鼓励政策和进口限制政策在内的一系列政策措施。

Abstract Foreign Trade and International Balance of Payment are affected by the exchange rate of Renminbi, the fluctuation of exchange rate and the mode of free exchange; but after all the impact of exchange rate is the main factor. Free exchange of Renminbi will lead to devaluation of Renminbi in greater percentage but it will not necessarily lead to the improvement of balance of payment of foreign trade of China. Hereby it is necessary to clarify a lot of obscure conceptions. With the view to improve the international balance of payment from ideal to reality promoted by the devaluation of Renminbi,a series of policy measures have to be adopted .including the policy of exchange rate, industrial policy, the policies of public finance and money, incentive policy of export and importlimit policy.