晋南和银川地区盐水和超盐水体的浮游动物

STUDIES ON THE SALINE AND HYPERSALINE ZOOPLANKTONS FROM JINNAN AND YINCHUAN REGIONS

1981—1984年在晋南和银川地区7个采样区,盐度0.5—286‰间采集222个水样,共见到浮游动物57种,其中轮虫32种,鳃足类14种,桡足类11种。根据出现率和平均密度,下列23种是区系的主要种或较主要种:褶皱臂尾轮虫、角突臂尾轮虫、壶状臂尾轮虫、萼花臂尾轮虫、方尖削叶轮虫、月形腔轮虫、针簇多肢轮虫、爱德里亚狭甲轮虫、环顶巨腕轮虫、蒙古裸腹溞、直额裸腹溞、大型溞、一种象鼻溞、矩形尖额溞、盐水卤虫、亚洲后镖水溞、直刺北镖水溞、近邻剑水溞、短角异剑水溞、广布中剑水溞、等刺温剑水蚤和扁平小剑水溞。除了盐水卤虫外,无论盐水种和淡水种在这里出现的最高盐度均较其他作者记载的为高。文中讨论了盐水动物区系的相似性、内陆水各种浮游动物的耐盐性和盐度与群落多样性指数的关系等问题。

This paper describes the results of an investigation on the saline and hypersaline zooplanktons from Jinnan and Yinchuan regions during 1981--1984. 222 samples were collected from 7 localities ranging in salinity from 0.5--286‰. 57 species belonging to 16 families and 39 genera were recorded, among which 32 species belong to Rotifera, 14 species to Branchiopoda and 11 species to Copepoda.According to the rate of occurrence and the average density, the important species are:Brachionus plicatilis, B. angularis, B. capsuliflorus, B. calyciflorus,B. urceus, Notholca acuminata quadrata, Lecane lung, Polyarthra trigle, Colurella adriatica, Pedalia fennica, Moina mongolica, M. rectirostris, Daphnia magna, Bosmina sp., Along rectangula, Artemia salina, Metadiaptomus asiaticus, Arctodiaptomus rectis pinosus, Cyclops vicinus, Apocyclops royi, Mesocyclops lenckarti, Thermocyclops kawamurai and Microcyclops urnoi.Except those for Artemia soling, the upper limits of salinity tolerance of both saline and freshwater zooplanktons in this region are higher than those reported by other authors.Faunal similarities, the salinity tolerance of inland water zooplanktons and relationship between salinity and species diversity were discussed.