高产冬小麦光能利用率的研究

STUDIES ON UTILIZATION EFFICIENCY OF SOLAR ENERGY OF HIGH-YIELDING WINTER WHEAT

通过２年对４个高产冬小麦品种光能利用的观测分析，认为山东省高产冬小麦全生育期地上部生物产量光能利用率１．１６％，籽粒光能利用率０．４４％是实现每公顷７５００ｋｇ光能利用率指标的下限。不同分蘖成穗类型品种、不同密度群体在不同生育阶段光能利用率有明显的差异高成穗率品种有两次光能利用高峰，大群体第２次高峰出现早；低成穗率品种全生能期只有一次光能利用高峰。文中根据当前小麦生产实际提出了部分提高光能利用率的途径。

Observations and analyses of utilization efficiency of solar energy in four high-yielding winter wheat varieties were made in this paper and the criteria of solar energy use rate for 7500kg / hm￣2 grain yield were suggested in wheat production of Shanddong Province.The least rate for above ground dry weight was 1.16% and for grain weight was 0.44%.Criteria, changes and differences of utilization efficiency of solar energy in various growing periods between two different ear rate varieties and two planting densities were also discussed respectively.Varieties with higher ear rate had two peak values of solar energy use during the whole growth,and varieties with lower ear rate had only one. The second peak reached much earlier in higher density than that in lower density among high ear rate varieties.Based on present practice of wheat production in Shandong, methods of increasing utilization efficiency of solar energy were partialy discussed.