论黄土高原生态环境遭到彻底破坏的祸根

Why the ecological environment of the loess plateau is destroyed thoroughly

秦汉以前,黄土高原是林草茂密、山青水秀的地方,许多古籍和碑文都有“美哉斯阜,临广泽而带清流”之类的称赞。自春秋战国以来,黄土高原生态环境屡遭人为破坏,包括战争破坏、滥伐森林营造宫殿、樵采、毁林开荒等,而主要祸根却是广种薄收、轮荒耕种,致使黄土裸露,沟壑纵横,水土流失严重,经济十分贫困落后。治理方针必须包括“建造植被,制止水土流失和林牧为主,粮食自给”这两个基本对策。只有坚持这个治理方针,实现黄土高原青山绿水、林茂粮丰和经济繁荣的目的便指日可待了。

Before Qin and Han Dynasty the loess plateau was with dense forestand grass, dressed in picturesque scenery, and praised as 'How beauti-ful place it is. There are large lake and clear water' in many ancient booksand inscriptions on tablet.But since the War Period of the Spring andAutumn (770--476 B. C. ) the ecological enviroment of the area has beendamaged by human being frequently through war destroyment. denudationto build palace, firewood gathering and taking off forest to reclaime,etc. It is thought that the main trouble root is in extensive cultivationwith little harvest, farming with rotate wasteland, which result in loessto be naked. criss-cross gullies, serious soil and water loss and poor eco-nomy. The controlling policy suggested includes 'taking vegetation con-struction, halting soil and water loss,developing forestry and husbandryas the main tasks, in order to realizethe grain self-suficient'. It couldbe expected soon that the goal of green hill and clear water, dense forestand rich harvest and prosperous economy is achieved if the policy isupholded.