温度对桃蚜和萝卜蚜翅型分化的影响

THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON WINC DIMORPHISMIN MYZUS PERSICAE AND LIPAPHIS ERYSIMI

采用恒温试验，自然变温试验和大田系统调查相结台的研究方法，探讨了温度对桃蚜和萝卜蚜孤雌胎生型翅型分化的影响，结果表明低温有助于翅的发育，高温则对翅的发育有抑制作用，但低温对翅发育的促进作用在桃蚜中比在萝卜蚜中要强得多。在桃蚜中还证实母蚜体内的仔蚜胚胎期及仔蚜都可感受温度的作用从而对仔蚜的翅型分化产生影响。根据本文结果并综合文献中有关报道，作者认为在确定蚜虫翅型分化与环境因子的关系时，温度是一个不可忽略的重要因子。

he influence of temperature on wing dimorphism in the virginoparae of Myzuspersicae and Lipaphis erysimi was examined by experiments under constant and natural temperature regimes supplemented by systematic sampling of field populations.The results demonstrate that low temperature promotes, while high temperature tendsto suppress, the development of wings, and this promotive effect of low temperatureis much stronger in M. persicae than that in L. erysimi. Observations with M. persicae on development stages sensitive to temperature showed that temperatures experienced by both the mothers and the young nymphs influence wing development, i.e., the control is both prenatal and postnatal. According to the results from thisstudy and other relevant reports in the literature, we propose that temperature is animportant factor that should not be neglected in expounding the relationships betweenenvironmental factors and wing dimorphism in the aphid species studied.